当前位置: 面试刷题>> 美丽的排列 (经典算法题500道)
### 题目描述补充
题目:**美丽的排列**
给定一个正整数 `n`,要求生成所有长度为 `n` 的排列,并找出其中满足以下条件的“美丽排列”:
- 在这个排列中,对于任意 `i < j < k`,如果 `arr[i] < arr[j]` 且 `arr[j] > arr[k]`,则称这种排列为“美丽排列”。
换句话说,一个排列是“美丽”的,如果它不存在长度为3的递减子序列 `arr[i] > arr[j] > arr[k]`,其中 `i < j < k`。
### 示例
假设 `n = 3`,则所有可能的排列为:
- `[1, 2, 3]`
- `[1, 3, 2]`
- `[2, 1, 3]`
- `[2, 3, 1]`
- `[3, 1, 2]`
- `[3, 2, 1]`
其中,`[1, 2, 3]` 和 `[3, 2, 1]` 是“美丽排列”,因为它们都不包含长度为3的递减子序列。
### PHP 示例代码
```php
$arr[$k]) {
return false;
}
}
}
}
}
return true;
}
function findBeautifulPermutations($n) {
$permutations = generatePermutations($n);
$beautiful = [];
foreach ($permutations as $perm) {
if (isBeautiful($perm)) {
$beautiful[] = $perm;
}
}
return $beautiful;
}
// 示例
$n = 3;
$beautifulPermutations = findBeautifulPermutations($n);
print_r($beautifulPermutations);
?>
```
### Python 示例代码
```python
def generate_permutations(n):
def backtrack(current, n):
if len(current) == n:
result.append(current[:])
else:
for i in range(1, n + 1):
if i not in current:
current.append(i)
backtrack(current, n)
current.pop()
result = []
backtrack([], n)
return result
def is_beautiful(arr):
n = len(arr)
for i in range(n - 2):
for j in range(i + 1, n - 1):
if arr[i] < arr[j]:
for k in range(j + 1, n):
if arr[j] > arr[k]:
return False
return True
def find_beautiful_permutations(n):
permutations = generate_permutations(n)
return [p for p in permutations if is_beautiful(p)]
# 示例
n = 3
beautiful_permutations = find_beautiful_permutations(n)
print(beautiful_permutations)
```
### JavaScript 示例代码
```javascript
function generatePermutations(n) {
const result = [];
function backtrack(current, remaining) {
if (remaining.length === 0) {
result.push(current.slice());
return;
}
for (let i = 0; i < remaining.length; i++) {
current.push(remaining[i]);
backtrack(current, remaining.slice(0, i).concat(remaining.slice(i + 1)));
current.pop();
}
}
backtrack([], Array.from({length: n}, (_, i) => i + 1));
return result;
}
function isBeautiful(arr) {
const n = arr.length;
for (let i = 0; i < n - 2; i++) {
for (let j = i + 1; j < n - 1; j++) {
if (arr[i] < arr[j]) {
for (let k = j + 1; k < n; k++) {
if (arr[j] > arr[k]) {
return false;
}
}
}
}
}
return true;
}
function findBeautifulPermutations(n) {
const permutations = generatePermutations(n);
return permutations.filter(p => isBeautiful(p));
}
// 示例
const n = 3;
const beautifulPermutations = findBeautifulPermutations(n);
console.log(beautifulPermutations);
```
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