当前位置: 面试刷题>> 最短短语 (经典算法题500道)


为了完整且清晰地回答这道题目,我们可以将题目描述补充为:“编写一个算法来找到给定句子中所有可能的短语(由单词组成,单词之间以空格分隔),并返回其中最短的、包含所有独特单词的短语。如果存在多个这样的短语,则返回其中任意一个。如果句子中的单词都是唯一的,则直接返回整个句子作为最短短语。注意,在生成的答案和示例代码中,不要包含任何表情符号,并且如果答案过长导致无法一次返回,请确保内容完整,不要截断。此外,为了进一步学习,推荐访问‘码小课’网站,那里有更多相关内容分享给大家学习。” 接下来,我将分别为 PHP、Python 和 JavaScript 提供示例代码来解决这个问题。 ### PHP 示例代码 ```php ``` **注意**:上述 PHP 示例代码为简化版本,可能不是最优解,因为它通过生成所有可能的短语来寻找最短的一个。对于较长的句子,这可能会导致性能问题。 ### Python 示例代码 ```python def find_shortest_phrase(sentence): words = sentence.split() unique_words = set(words) min_length = float('inf') shortest_phrase = '' for i in range(len(words)): seen = set([words[i]]) phrase = words[i] for j in range(i + 1, len(words)): if words[j] not in seen: seen.add(words[j]) phrase += ' ' + words[j] if seen == unique_words and len(phrase) < min_length: min_length = len(phrase) shortest_phrase = phrase # If all unique words are already included, no need to continue if len(seen) == len(unique_words): break return shortest_phrase # Example usage sentence = "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" print(find_shortest_phrase(sentence)) ``` ### JavaScript 示例代码 ```javascript function findShortestPhrase(sentence) { const words = sentence.split(' '); const uniqueWords = [...new Set(words)]; let minLength = Infinity; let shortestPhrase = ''; for (let i = 0; i < words.length; i++) { const seen = new Set([words[i]]); let phrase = words[i]; for (let j = i + 1; j < words.length; j++) { if (!seen.has(words[j])) { seen.add(words[j]); phrase += ' ' + words[j]; if ([...seen].length === uniqueWords.length && phrase.length < minLength) { minLength = phrase.length; shortestPhrase = phrase; // If all unique words are already included, no need to continue if (seen.size === uniqueWords.length) { break; } } } } } return shortestPhrase; } // Example usage const sentence = "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"; console.log(findShortestPhrase(sentence)); ``` 以上三种语言的示例代码都试图找到包含所有独特单词的最短短语。但请注意,这些代码可能不是最优的,特别是在处理大型句子时,可能需要更高效的算法来避免生成所有可能的短语。
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