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magento2中的URN 模式验证以及代码示例

<h5 style="color:red;">系统学习magento二次开发,推荐小册:<a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank">《Magento中文全栈二次开发 》</a></h5> <div class="image-container"> <p> <a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.maxiaoke.com/uploads/images/20230218/bb9c82995c24d1105676e02f373755f5.jpg" alt="Magento中文全栈二次开发"> </a> </p> </div> <div class="text-container" style="font-size:14px; color:#888"> <p>本小册面向Magento2以上版本,书代码及示例兼容magento2.0-2.4版本。涵盖了magento前端开发,后端开发,magento2主题,magento2重写,magento2 layout,magento2控制器,magento2 block等相关内容,带领您成为magento开发技术专家。</p> </div> <hr><p>在Magento 2中,可以使用Magento\Framework\DataObject\IdentityInterface接口来实现数据缓存。接口中的方法getIdentities()必须返回用于标识数据对象的唯一标识符。</p><p><br/></p><p>例如,如果您的模型需要缓存,您可以在您的模型类中实现此接口并在getIdentities()方法中返回一个唯一标识符的数组,以便在缓存中正确标识您的数据。</p><p><br/></p><p>以下是一个示例代码:</p><p><br/></p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">namespace&nbsp;Vendor\Module\Model; use&nbsp;Magento\Framework\DataObject\IdentityInterface; use&nbsp;Magento\Framework\Model\AbstractModel; class&nbsp;CustomModel&nbsp;extends&nbsp;AbstractModel&nbsp;implements&nbsp;IdentityInterface { &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;const&nbsp;CACHE_TAG&nbsp;=&nbsp;&#39;custom_model&#39;; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;protected&nbsp;$_cacheTag&nbsp;=&nbsp;&#39;custom_model&#39;; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;protected&nbsp;$_eventPrefix&nbsp;=&nbsp;&#39;custom_model&#39;; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;protected&nbsp;function&nbsp;_construct() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$this-&gt;_init(&#39;Vendor\Module\Model\ResourceModel\CustomModel&#39;); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public&nbsp;function&nbsp;getIdentities() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return&nbsp;[self::CACHE_TAG&nbsp;.&nbsp;&#39;_&#39;&nbsp;.&nbsp;$this-&gt;getId()]; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} }</pre><p>在这个例子中,我们实现了IdentityInterface接口,并且在getIdentities()方法中返回了一个以我们的缓存标记和对象ID为前缀的数组。</p><p><br/></p><p>这样,当我们使用缓存管理器在对象保存或删除时调用clean()或invalidate()方法时,缓存管理器就可以正确地清除或失效相应的缓存。</p><p><br/></p>

magento2中的所需的配置文件以及代码示例

<h5 style="color:red;">系统学习magento二次开发,推荐小册:<a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank">《Magento中文全栈二次开发 》</a></h5> <div class="image-container"> <p> <a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.maxiaoke.com/uploads/images/20230218/bb9c82995c24d1105676e02f373755f5.jpg" alt="Magento中文全栈二次开发"> </a> </p> </div> <div class="text-container" style="font-size:14px; color:#888"> <p>本小册面向Magento2以上版本,书代码及示例兼容magento2.0-2.4版本。涵盖了magento前端开发,后端开发,magento2主题,magento2重写,magento2 layout,magento2控制器,magento2 block等相关内容,带领您成为magento开发技术专家。</p> </div> <hr><p>Magento 2 是一个模块化的系统,因此在创建自定义模块时需要定义所需的配置文件。以下是一些常见的配置文件及其示例:</p><p><br/></p><p>module.xml:这是一个必需的配置文件,用于定义模块的元数据和依赖关系。示例:</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;?xml&nbsp;version=&quot;1.0&quot;?&gt; &lt;config&nbsp;xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&nbsp;xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=&quot;urn:magento:framework:Module/etc/module.xsd&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;module&nbsp;name=&quot;Vendor_Module&quot;&nbsp;setup_version=&quot;1.0.0&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;sequence&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;module&nbsp;name=&quot;Magento_Cms&quot;/&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/sequence&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/module&gt; &lt;/config&gt;</pre><p>routes.xml:此配置文件用于定义自定义控制器的路由。示例:</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;?xml&nbsp;version=&quot;1.0&quot;?&gt; &lt;config&nbsp;xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&nbsp;xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=&quot;urn:magento:framework:App/etc/routes.xsd&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;router&nbsp;id=&quot;standard&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;route&nbsp;id=&quot;custom&quot;&nbsp;frontName=&quot;custom&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;module&nbsp;name=&quot;Vendor_Module&quot;/&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/route&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/router&gt; &lt;/config&gt;</pre><p>events.xml:此配置文件用于定义事件和它们的观察者。示例:</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;?xml&nbsp;version=&quot;1.0&quot;?&gt; &lt;config&nbsp;xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&nbsp;xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=&quot;urn:magento:framework:Event/etc/events.xsd&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;event&nbsp;name=&quot;checkout_cart_product_add_after&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;observer&nbsp;name=&quot;custom_observer&quot;&nbsp;instance=&quot;Vendor\Module\Observer\CustomObserver&quot;/&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/event&gt; &lt;/config&gt;</pre><p>di.xml:此配置文件用于定义依赖注入的虚拟类型和首选类型。示例:</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;?xml&nbsp;version=&quot;1.0&quot;?&gt; &lt;config&nbsp;xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&nbsp;xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=&quot;urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;preference&nbsp;for=&quot;Magento\Catalog\Api\CategoryRepositoryInterface&quot;&nbsp;type=&quot;Vendor\Module\Model\CategoryRepository&quot;/&gt; &lt;/config&gt;</pre><p>system.xml:此配置文件用于定义后台管理区域的系统配置。示例:</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;?xml&nbsp;version=&quot;1.0&quot;?&gt; &lt;config&nbsp;xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&nbsp;xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=&quot;urn:magento:module:Magento_Config:etc/system_file.xsd&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;section&nbsp;id=&quot;custom_section&quot;&nbsp;translate=&quot;label&quot;&nbsp;sortOrder=&quot;10&quot;&nbsp;showInDefault=&quot;1&quot;&nbsp;showInWebsite=&quot;1&quot;&nbsp;showInStore=&quot;1&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;label&gt;Custom&nbsp;Section&lt;/label&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;tab&gt;general&lt;/tab&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;resource&gt;Vendor_Module::config&lt;/resource&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;group&nbsp;id=&quot;custom_group&quot;&nbsp;translate=&quot;label&quot;&nbsp;sortOrder=&quot;10&quot;&nbsp;showInDefault=&quot;1&quot;&nbsp;showInWebsite=&quot;1&quot;&nbsp;showInStore=&quot;1&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;label&gt;Custom&nbsp;Group&lt;/label&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;field&nbsp;id=&quot;custom_field&quot;&nbsp;translate=&quot;label&quot;&nbsp;type=&quot;text&quot;&nbsp;sortOrder=&quot;10&quot;&nbsp;showInDefault=&quot;1&quot;&nbsp;showInWebsite=&quot;1&quot;&nbsp;showInStore=&quot;1&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;label&gt;Custom&nbsp;Field&lt;/label&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;comment&gt;Enter&nbsp;custom&nbsp;field&nbsp;value&nbsp;here.&lt;/comment&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/field&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/group&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/section&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/system&gt; &lt;/config&gt;</pre><p><br/></p>

magento2中的composer整合以及代码示例

<h5 style="color:red;">系统学习magento二次开发,推荐小册:<a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank">《Magento中文全栈二次开发 》</a></h5> <div class="image-container"> <p> <a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.maxiaoke.com/uploads/images/20230218/bb9c82995c24d1105676e02f373755f5.jpg" alt="Magento中文全栈二次开发"> </a> </p> </div> <div class="text-container" style="font-size:14px; color:#888"> <p>本小册面向Magento2以上版本,书代码及示例兼容magento2.0-2.4版本。涵盖了magento前端开发,后端开发,magento2主题,magento2重写,magento2 layout,magento2控制器,magento2 block等相关内容,带领您成为magento开发技术专家。</p> </div> <hr><p>Magento 2 使用 Composer 来管理其依赖关系和扩展。以下是一些常见的 Composer 集成代码示例:</p><p><br/></p><p>安装 Magento 2:</p><p>composer create-project --repository-url=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition <span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">install-directory-name</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span></p><p>安装扩展:</p><p>composer require <span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">vendor</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">extension</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span>:<span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">version</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span></p><p>更新扩展:</p><p>composer update <span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">vendor</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">extension</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span></p><p>删除扩展:</p><p>composer remove <span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">vendor</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">extension</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span></p><p>查看已安装的扩展:</p><p>composer show</p><p>查看已安装的特定扩展:</p><p>composer show <span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">vendor</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">extension</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span></p><p>查看扩展依赖项:</p><p>composer depends <span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">vendor</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #808080;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569cd6;">extension</span><span style="color: #808080;">&gt;</span></p><p>查看 Magento 2 的依赖项:</p><p>composer depends magento/product-community-edition</p><p>查看 Magento 2 的软件包列表:</p><p>composer show magento/*</p><p>这些示例可以帮助您在 Magento 2 中使用 Composer 进行集成和管理依赖关系。请确保您已经在 Magento Marketplace 中注册并获取了访问密钥,以便在安装和更新扩展时进行身份验证。</p><p><br/></p>

magento2中的最佳开发环境以及代码示例

<h5 style="color:red;">系统学习magento二次开发,推荐小册:<a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank">《Magento中文全栈二次开发 》</a></h5> <div class="image-container"> <p> <a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.maxiaoke.com/uploads/images/20230218/bb9c82995c24d1105676e02f373755f5.jpg" alt="Magento中文全栈二次开发"> </a> </p> </div> <div class="text-container" style="font-size:14px; color:#888"> <p>本小册面向Magento2以上版本,书代码及示例兼容magento2.0-2.4版本。涵盖了magento前端开发,后端开发,magento2主题,magento2重写,magento2 layout,magento2控制器,magento2 block等相关内容,带领您成为magento开发技术专家。</p> </div> <hr><article><p>在 Magento 2 的开发过程中,建议使用一个符合最佳实践的开发环境。以下是一个常用的 Magento 2 开发环境配置:</p><ol class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>操作系统:Linux 或 macOS,Windows 也可以,但需要安装 WSL(Windows Subsystem for Linux)。</p></li><li><p>Web 服务器:Apache 或 Nginx。</p></li><li><p>PHP 版本:7.4 或更高版本。</p></li><li><p>数据库:MySQL 5.7 或 8.0。</p></li><li><p>开发工具:推荐使用 PHPStorm 或 VSCode。</p></li></ol><p>在 Magento 2 的开发过程中,我们通常会使用 Composer 管理依赖关系,使用 Git 进行版本控制。下面是一些 Magento 2 开发中常用的命令示例:</p><p>安装 Magento 2:</p><p>composer create-project --repository-url=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition magento2</p><p>升级 Magento 2:</p><p>composer update bin/magento setup:upgrade</p><p>编译 Magento 2:</p><p>bin/magento setup:di:compile</p><p>清除缓存:</p><p>bin/magento cache:clean</p><p>生成静态文件:</p><p>bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy</p><ol class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>检查代码:</p></li></ol><p>bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy</p><p>以上命令只是 Magento 2 开发过程中的一部分示例,具体的开发过程还需要根据实际情况进行调整。</p></article><p><br/></p>

magento2中的依赖注入配置以及代码示例

<h5 style="color:red;">系统学习magento二次开发,推荐小册:<a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank">《Magento中文全栈二次开发 》</a></h5> <div class="image-container"> <p> <a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.maxiaoke.com/uploads/images/20230218/bb9c82995c24d1105676e02f373755f5.jpg" alt="Magento中文全栈二次开发"> </a> </p> </div> <div class="text-container" style="font-size:14px; color:#888"> <p>本小册面向Magento2以上版本,书代码及示例兼容magento2.0-2.4版本。涵盖了magento前端开发,后端开发,magento2主题,magento2重写,magento2 layout,magento2控制器,magento2 block等相关内容,带领您成为magento开发技术专家。</p> </div> <hr><p>在 Magento 2 中,依赖注入是实现对象之间解耦的关键,也是创建可测试和可扩展代码的基础。下面是一些 Magento 2 中依赖注入的配置和代码示例:</p><p><br/></p><p>在 di.xml 文件中配置依赖注入:</p><p>在 Magento 2 中,依赖注入的配置存储在 di.xml 文件中,这个文件通常位于你的模块的 etc 文件夹中。以下是一个简单的示例,演示了如何将 MyModule\Model\MyModel 类注入到 MyModule\Controller\Index\Index 控制器中:</p><p><br/></p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;!--&nbsp;File:&nbsp;MyModule/etc/di.xml&nbsp;--&gt; &lt;config&nbsp;xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=&quot;urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;type&nbsp;name=&quot;MyModule\Controller\Index\Index&quot;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;arguments&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;argument&nbsp;name=&quot;myModel&quot;&nbsp;xsi:type=&quot;object&quot;&gt;MyModule\Model\MyModel&lt;/argument&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/arguments&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/type&gt; &lt;/config&gt;</pre><p>在构造函数中注入依赖项:</p><p>在 Magento 2 中,依赖项通常通过构造函数注入到类中。以下是一个简单的示例,演示了如何将 MyModule\Model\MyModel 类注入到 MyModule\Controller\Index\Index 控制器中:</p><p><br/></p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">namespace&nbsp;MyModule\Controller\Index; use&nbsp;MyModule\Model\MyModel; class&nbsp;Index&nbsp;extends&nbsp;\Magento\Framework\App\Action\Action { &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;protected&nbsp;$myModel; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public&nbsp;function&nbsp;__construct( &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MyModel&nbsp;$myModel, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\Magento\Framework\App\Action\Context&nbsp;$context &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$this-&gt;myModel&nbsp;=&nbsp;$myModel; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;parent::__construct($context); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public&nbsp;function&nbsp;execute() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;Use&nbsp;$this-&gt;myModel&nbsp;in&nbsp;your&nbsp;controller&nbsp;logic &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} }</pre><p>使用工厂类创建对象:</p><p>在 Magento 2 中,如果您需要在某个类中使用另一个类的多个实例,则可以使用工厂类创建对象。以下是一个简单的示例,演示了如何在 MyModule\Controller\Index\Index 控制器中使用工厂类创建 MyModule\Model\MyModel 的多个实例:</p><p><br/></p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">namespace&nbsp;MyModule\Controller\Index; use&nbsp;MyModule\Model\MyModelFactory; class&nbsp;Index&nbsp;extends&nbsp;\Magento\Framework\App\Action\Action { &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;protected&nbsp;$myModelFactory; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public&nbsp;function&nbsp;__construct( &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MyModelFactory&nbsp;$myModelFactory, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\Magento\Framework\App\Action\Context&nbsp;$context &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$this-&gt;myModelFactory&nbsp;=&nbsp;$myModelFactory; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;parent::__construct($context); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public&nbsp;function&nbsp;execute() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$myModel1&nbsp;=&nbsp;$this-&gt;myModelFactory-&gt;create(); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$myModel2&nbsp;=&nbsp;$this-&gt;myModelFactory-&gt;create(); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;Use&nbsp;$myModel1&nbsp;and&nbsp;$myModel2&nbsp;in&nbsp;your&nbsp;controller&nbsp;logic &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} }</pre><p>这些是一些 Magento 2 中使用依赖注入的常见示例和配置。通过使用依赖注入,您可以创建可扩展、可测试和松散耦合的代码</p><p><br/></p>

magento2中的延长生命周期以及代码示例

<h5 style="color:red;">系统学习magento二次开发,推荐小册:<a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank">《Magento中文全栈二次开发 》</a></h5> <div class="image-container"> <p> <a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.maxiaoke.com/uploads/images/20230218/bb9c82995c24d1105676e02f373755f5.jpg" alt="Magento中文全栈二次开发"> </a> </p> </div> <div class="text-container" style="font-size:14px; color:#888"> <p>本小册面向Magento2以上版本,书代码及示例兼容magento2.0-2.4版本。涵盖了magento前端开发,后端开发,magento2主题,magento2重写,magento2 layout,magento2控制器,magento2 block等相关内容,带领您成为magento开发技术专家。</p> </div> <hr><p>在 Magento 2 中,我们可以使用插件或代理来扩展或修改类的功能。但有时候,我们需要对类进行一些更深层次的修改,例如修改构造函数的参数或者添加额外的依赖项。</p><p><br/></p><p>为了解决这个问题,Magento 2 提供了一个 <span style="color: #ce9178;">&quot;延长生命周期&quot;</span> 的功能,即通过对象管理器来注册类的替代品。这样可以创建一个新类,并在原始类被调用时使用新类替换原始类。这种方法不会修改原始类的代码,因此更加灵活和可维护。</p><p><br/></p><p>以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何使用延长生命周期来替换 Magento 2 中的一个类:</p><p><br/></p><p>首先,在我们的自定义模块的 di.xml 文件中,我们需要注册我们要替换的类的一个别名:</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;config&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;preference&nbsp;for=&quot;Magento\Catalog\Model\Product&quot;&nbsp;type=&quot;MyVendor\MyModule\Model\ExtendedProduct&quot;&nbsp;/&gt; &lt;/config&gt;</pre><p>这里,我们将 Magento\Catalog\Model\Product 类替换为 MyVendor\MyModule\Model\ExtendedProduct 类。</p><p><br/></p><p>然后,我们创建一个新类 ExtendedProduct 并扩展原始类 Magento\Catalog\Model\Product。我们可以在新类中添加一些新的属性或方法,或者重写原始类的方法:</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;?php namespace&nbsp;MyVendor\MyModule\Model; class&nbsp;ExtendedProduct&nbsp;extends&nbsp;\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product { &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public&nbsp;function&nbsp;getNewProperty() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return&nbsp;&#39;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;new&nbsp;property&#39;; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public&nbsp;function&nbsp;getCustomName() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return&nbsp;&#39;Custom&nbsp;Product&nbsp;Name&#39;; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} }</pre><p>在这个示例中,我们添加了一个新的 getNewProperty() 方法,并重写了原始类的 getName() 方法。</p><p><br/></p><p>现在,我们可以在我们的模块中使用新类的实例来替换原始类的实例。例如,在一个插件中:</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">&lt;?php namespace&nbsp;MyVendor\MyModule\Plugin; class&nbsp;ProductName { &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public&nbsp;function&nbsp;afterGetName(\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product&nbsp;$subject,&nbsp;$result) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$customName&nbsp;=&nbsp;$subject-&gt;getCustomName(); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return&nbsp;$customName&nbsp;?:&nbsp;$result; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;} }</pre><p>在这个插件中,我们使用 afterGetName() 方法来替换原始类 Magento\Catalog\Model\Product 中的 getName() 方法。当 getName() 方法被调用时,我们会检查是否有一个自定义名称可用,如果有,则返回自定义名称,否则返回原始的名称。</p><p><br/></p><p>延长生命周期是 Magento 2 中一个非常有用的功能,它可以帮助我们创建更加灵活和可维护的代码。但是需要注意,如果滥用这个功能,可能会导致代码变得更加复杂和难以维护。</p><p><br/></p>

magento2中的开发和打包组件的路线图

<h5 style="color:red;">系统学习magento二次开发,推荐小册:<a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank">《Magento中文全栈二次开发 》</a></h5> <div class="image-container"> <p> <a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.maxiaoke.com/uploads/images/20230218/bb9c82995c24d1105676e02f373755f5.jpg" alt="Magento中文全栈二次开发"> </a> </p> </div> <div class="text-container" style="font-size:14px; color:#888"> <p>本小册面向Magento2以上版本,书代码及示例兼容magento2.0-2.4版本。涵盖了magento前端开发,后端开发,magento2主题,magento2重写,magento2 layout,magento2控制器,magento2 block等相关内容,带领您成为magento开发技术专家。</p> </div> <hr><p>Magento 2 中开发和打包组件的路线图可能包括以下步骤:</p><ol style="border: 0px solid rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box; --tw-border-spacing-x:0; --tw-border-spacing-y:0; --tw-translate-x:0; --tw-translate-y:0; --tw-rotate:0; --tw-skew-x:0; --tw-skew-y:0; --tw-scale-x:1; --tw-scale-y:1; --tw-pan-x: ; --tw-pan-y: ; --tw-pinch-zoom: ; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness:proximity; --tw-ordinal: ; --tw-slashed-zero: ; --tw-numeric-figure: ; --tw-numeric-spacing: ; --tw-numeric-fraction: ; --tw-ring-inset: ; --tw-ring-offset-width:0px; --tw-ring-offset-color:#fff; --tw-ring-color:rgba(59,130,246,0.5); --tw-ring-offset-shadow:0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-shadow:0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow:0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow-colored:0 0 transparent; --tw-blur: ; --tw-brightness: ; --tw-contrast: ; --tw-grayscale: ; --tw-hue-rotate: ; --tw-invert: ; --tw-saturate: ; --tw-sepia: ; --tw-drop-shadow: ; --tw-backdrop-blur: ; --tw-backdrop-brightness: ; --tw-backdrop-contrast: ; --tw-backdrop-grayscale: ; --tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ; --tw-backdrop-invert: ; --tw-backdrop-opacity: ; --tw-backdrop-saturate: ; --tw-backdrop-sepia: ; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin-top: 1.25em; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1rem; counter-reset: item 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; color: rgb(55, 65, 81); font-family: Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 248);" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>确定功能和需求 - 确定您要开发的组件的功能和需求,并将其记录下来。这将帮助您在开发过程中保持方向和重点。</p></li><li><p>创建组件 - 使用 Magento 的组件结构创建您的组件。您可以使用组件创建器或手动创建组件。</p></li><li><p>编写代码 - 编写您的代码以实现您的组件的功能和需求。确保您遵循 Magento 的最佳实践和标准。</p></li><li><p>测试您的组件 - 使用 Magento 的测试框架测试您的组件,确保其符合预期并且没有错误或问题。</p></li><li><p>调试和优化 - 如果发现错误或问题,请使用 Magento 的调试工具进行调试。优化您的组件以提高性能和稳定性。</p></li><li><p>文档化您的组件 - 编写文档,说明如何使用您的组件,并提供示例代码和说明。</p></li><li><p>打包您的组件 - 使用 Magento 的打包工具将您的组件打包为 Magento 扩展。确保您的扩展符合 Magento Marketplace 的要求(如果您想将其提交到 Marketplace)。</p></li><li><p>发布和更新 - 将您的扩展发布到 Magento Marketplace 或其他扩展市场,并根据需要进行更新和维护。</p></li></ol><p>以上步骤只是一个大致的路线图,实际的开发和打包过程可能会有所不同,具体取决于您的项目需求和实际情况。</p><p><br/></p>

magento2中的组件类型以及代码示例

<h5 style="color:red;">系统学习magento二次开发,推荐小册:<a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank">《Magento中文全栈二次开发 》</a></h5> <div class="image-container"> <p> <a style="color:blue;" href="https://www.maxiaoke.com/manual/magento_cn_dev.html" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.maxiaoke.com/uploads/images/20230218/bb9c82995c24d1105676e02f373755f5.jpg" alt="Magento中文全栈二次开发"> </a> </p> </div> <div class="text-container" style="font-size:14px; color:#888"> <p>本小册面向Magento2以上版本,书代码及示例兼容magento2.0-2.4版本。涵盖了magento前端开发,后端开发,magento2主题,magento2重写,magento2 layout,magento2控制器,magento2 block等相关内容,带领您成为magento开发技术专家。</p> </div> <hr><p>在Magento 2中,有以下几种类型的组件:</p><p><br/></p><p>模块(Module):模块是Magento 2中最基本的组件类型之一,它允许开发人员创建自定义功能并集成到Magento 2平台中。每个模块都有自己的目录结构和配置文件,以定义其特定的功能。</p><p><br/></p><p>主题(Theme):主题允许开发人员改变Magento 2商店的外观和感觉。主题通常包含用于定制化商店前端的布局、样式和图片等资源。</p><p><br/></p><p>语言包(Language Pack):Magento 2支持多语言,并允许开发人员创建自定义的语言包来本地化商店的内容。语言包通常包含一个包含翻译文本的CSV文件。</p><p><br/></p><p>扩展(Extension):扩展是Magento 2平台上的第三方应用程序,它们可以提供额外的功能和特性。它们可以是模块、主题、语言包或其他类型的组件。</p><p><br/></p><p>下面是一个模块的目录结构示例:</p><p><br/></p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">app/ └──&nbsp;code/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;Vendor/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;Module/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;Block/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;Controller/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;etc/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;module.xml &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;frontend/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;routes.xml &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;di.xml &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;adminhtml/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;routes.xml &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;di.xml &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;webapi_rest/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;routes.xml &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;di.xml &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;crontab/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;crontab.xml &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;Helper/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;Model/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;Setup/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;Test/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;Ui/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;view/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;├──&nbsp;adminhtml/ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;└──&nbsp;frontend/</pre><p>在这个示例中,我们有一个名为Vendor_Module的模块,它包含了一些基本的目录和文件。etc目录中包含了配置文件,Block、Controller和Model目录中包含了逻辑代码,view目录中包含了前端视图代码。Setup目录包含了安装脚本和升级脚本等。</p><p><br/></p><p>以上是Magento 2中的组件类型和目录结构示例。具体的实现方式可以参考Magento 2的官方文档。</p><p><br/></p>

<p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">Python中的魔法方法(Magic methods)是特殊的方法,它们以双下划线(__)开头和结尾,如__init__()、__str__()、__len__()等等。魔法方法允许开发者自定义类的行为,例如使对象能够进行加法、减法、比较等操作,也可以自定义类的初始化、转换成字符串等操作。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">以下是Python中常用的魔法方法:</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__init__(self, ...):类的初始化方法,当创建对象时调用,用于对对象的属性进行初始化。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__str__(self):返回对象的字符串表示形式,通常用于调试和日志记录。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__repr__(self):返回对象的“官方”字符串表示形式,通常用于开发者调试和交互式环境。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__len__(self):返回对象的长度。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__getitem__(self, key):获取对象的某个元素,通常用于支持下标操作,如obj[0]。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__setitem__(self, key, value):设置对象的某个元素的值,通常用于支持下标赋值操作,如obj[0] = 1。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__delitem__(self, key):删除对象的某个元素,通常用于支持下标删除操作,如del obj[0]。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__contains__(self, item):判断对象是否包含某个元素,通常用于支持in操作。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__eq__(self, other):判断对象是否等于另一个对象,通常用于支持==操作。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__ne__(self, other):判断对象是否不等于另一个对象,通常用于支持!=操作。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__lt__(self, other):判断对象是否小于另一个对象,通常用于支持&lt;操作。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__gt__(self, other):判断对象是否大于另一个对象,通常用于支持&gt;操作。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__le__(self, other):判断对象是否小于等于另一个对象,通常用于支持&lt;=操作。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__ge__(self, other):判断对象是否大于等于另一个对象,通常用于支持&gt;=操作。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__add__(self, other):用于对象相加,如obj1 + obj2。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__sub__(self, other):用于对象相减,如obj1 - obj2。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__mul__(self, other):用于对象相乘,如obj1 * obj2。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__truediv__(self, other):用于对象相除,如obj1 / obj2。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__floordiv__(self, other):用于对象整除,如obj1 // obj2。</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">__mod__(self, other)<span class="s1" style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;PingFang SC&quot;;">:用于对象取模,如</span>obj1 % obj2<span class="s1" style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;PingFang SC&quot;;">。</span></p><p><br/></p>

<p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">在Python中,类是一种对象,用于封装数据和操作数据的方法。对象是类的实例,即通过类创建的具体实体。下面是Python类与对象的详细介绍:</p><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 17px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">定义类:使用关键字class来定义一个类,语法如下:</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">class ClassName:</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;"><span class="Apple-converted-space">&nbsp; &nbsp; </span># 属性</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;"><span class="Apple-converted-space">&nbsp; &nbsp; </span># 方法</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">创建对象:使用类来创建对象,语法如下:</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">object_name = ClassName()</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">属性和方法:类包含属性和方法。属性是与类相关的数据,可以在类中定义。方法是与类相关的操作,可以在类中定义。</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">class&nbsp;Car: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;属性 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;color&nbsp;=&nbsp;&quot;red&quot; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;方法 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;drive(self): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(&quot;The&nbsp;car&nbsp;is&nbsp;driving.&quot;) #&nbsp;创建对象 my_car&nbsp;=&nbsp;Car() #&nbsp;访问属性 print(my_car.color)&nbsp;#&nbsp;输出:&nbsp;red</pre><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;"># 调用方法</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">my_car.drive() # 输出: The car is driving.</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">初始化方法:__init__方法是类的初始化方法,用于在创建对象时初始化属性。</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">class&nbsp;Car: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;初始化方法 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;__init__(self,&nbsp;color): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.color&nbsp;=&nbsp;color &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;方法 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;drive(self): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(&quot;The&nbsp;car&nbsp;is&nbsp;driving.&quot;) #&nbsp;创建对象 my_car&nbsp;=&nbsp;Car(&quot;red&quot;) #&nbsp;访问属性 print(my_car.color)&nbsp;#&nbsp;输出:&nbsp;red</pre><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;"># 调用方法</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">my_car.drive() # 输出: The car is driving.</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">继承:使用继承可以创建一个新类,这个新类具有父类的属性和方法。</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">class&nbsp;Vehicle: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;__init__(self,&nbsp;color): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.color&nbsp;=&nbsp;color &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;drive(self): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(&quot;The&nbsp;vehicle&nbsp;is&nbsp;driving.&quot;) class&nbsp;Car(Vehicle): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;__init__(self,&nbsp;color,&nbsp;brand): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;super().__init__(color) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.brand&nbsp;=&nbsp;brand #&nbsp;创建对象 my_car&nbsp;=&nbsp;Car(&quot;red&quot;,&nbsp;&quot;BMW&quot;) #&nbsp;访问属性 print(my_car.color)&nbsp;#&nbsp;输出:&nbsp;red print(my_car.brand)&nbsp;#&nbsp;输出:&nbsp;BMW</pre><p class="p2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; min-height: 17px; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;"># 调用方法</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">my_car.drive() # 输出: The vehicle is driving.</p><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;">封装:使用封装可以隐藏类的实现细节,使其更易于使用。</p><pre class="brush:as3;toolbar:false">class&nbsp;Car: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;初始化方法 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;__init__(self,&nbsp;color): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.__color&nbsp;=&nbsp;color &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;获取颜色属性 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;get_color(self): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return&nbsp;self.__color &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;设置颜色属性 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;set_color(self,&nbsp;color): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.__color&nbsp;=&nbsp;color &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;方法 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def&nbsp;drive(self): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(&quot;The&nbsp;car&nbsp;is&nbsp;driving.&quot;) #&nbsp;创建对象 my_car&nbsp;=&nbsp;Car(&quot;red&quot;) #&nbsp;访问属性 print(my_car.get_color())&nbsp;#&nbsp;输出:&nbsp;red #&nbsp;修改属性 my_car.set_color(&quot;blue&quot;) #&nbsp;访问属性 print(my_car.get_color())&nbsp;#&nbsp;输出:&nbsp;blue</pre><p class="p1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;; white-space: normal;"><br/></p><p><br/></p>